I-foil yethusi, leli shidi lethusi elibonakala lilula kakhulu, linenqubo yokukhiqiza ebucayi kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi. Le nqubo ihlanganisa kakhulu ukukhishwa nokuhluzwa kwethusi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-foil yethusi, kanye nezinyathelo zangemva kokucubungula.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhipha nokucwenga ithusi. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-United States Geological Survey (USGS), ukukhiqizwa kwe-ore yethusi emhlabeni wonke kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-20 ngo-2021 (USGS, 2021). Ngemva kokukhipha i-ore yethusi, ngezinyathelo ezifana nokuchoboza, ukugaya, kanye nokuntanta, kungatholakala i-copper concentrate enokuqukethwe kwethusi okungaba ngu-30%. Lokhu kugxila kwethusi bese kudlula enkambisweni yokucwenga, okuhlanganisa ukuncibilikisa, ukucwenga i-converter, kanye ne-electrolysis, ekugcineni kukhiqize ithusi le-electrolytic elihlanzekile elifinyelela ku-99.99%.
Okulandelayo kuza inqubo yokukhiqiza i-foil yethusi, engahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili kuye ngendlela yokukhiqiza: i-foil yethusi ye-electrolytic kanye ne-foil yethusi egoqiwe.
I-foil yethusi ye-electrolytic yenziwa ngenqubo ye-electrolytic. Eselini le-electrolytic, i-anode yethusi iyancibilika kancane kancane ngaphansi kwesenzo se-electrolyte, kanti ama-ion ethusi, aqhutshwa ugesi, aya e-cathode futhi akhe ama-deposit ethusi ebusweni be-cathode. Ubukhulu be-foil yethusi ye-electrolytic buvame ukusuka kuma-micrometer angu-5 kuya kwangu-200, okungalawulwa ngokunembile ngokwezidingo zobuchwepheshe bebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe (PCB) (Yu, 1988).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-foil yethusi egoqiwe yenziwa ngomshini. Kusukela ephepheni lethusi elinobukhulu obungamamilimitha ambalwa, liyancishiswa kancane kancane ngokugoqa, ekugcineni likhiqize i-foil yethusi enobukhulu obusezingeni le-micrometer (Coombs Jr., 2007). Lolu hlobo lwe-foil yethusi lunobuso obubushelelezi kune-foil yethusi ye-electrolytic, kodwa inqubo yalo yokukhiqiza idla amandla amaningi.
Ngemva kokuba i-foil yethusi isikhiqizwe, ngokuvamile idinga ukucutshungulwa ngemuva, okuhlanganisa uku-annealing, ukwelashwa kwendawo, njll., ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo. Isibonelo, uku-annealing kungathuthukisa ukuqina nokuqina kwe-foil yethusi, kuyilapho ukwelashwa kwendawo (njengoku-oxidation noma ukumboza) kungathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala nokunamathela kwe-foil yethusi.
Ngamafuphi, yize inqubo yokukhiqiza nokukhiqiza i-copper foil iyinkimbinkimbi, umkhiqizo okhiqizwayo unomthelela omkhulu empilweni yethu yanamuhla. Lokhu kuwukubonakaliswa kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, okuguqula imithombo yemvelo ibe yimikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ngokusebenzisa amasu okukhiqiza anembile.
Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-copper foil nayo iletha ezinye izinselele, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, umthelela emvelweni, njll. Ngokusho kombiko, ukukhiqizwa kwethani eli-1 le-copper kudinga cishe ama-220GJ wamandla, futhi kukhiqiza amathani angu-2.2 okukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide (Northey et al., 2014). Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuthola izindlela ezisebenza kahle nezinobungani nemvelo zokukhiqiza i-copper foil.
Esinye isixazululo esingaba khona ukusebenzisa ithusi eliphinde lasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza i-foil yethusi. Kubikwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhiqiza ithusi eliphinde lasetshenziswa kungu-20% kuphela wethusi eliyinhloko, futhi kunciphisa ukuxhashazwa kwezinsizakusebenza zethusi (UNEP, 2011). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, singase sithuthukise amasu okukhiqiza i-foil yethusi asebenza kahle futhi asindisa amandla, okunciphisa kakhulu umthelela wawo emvelweni.
Ekuphetheni, inqubo yokukhiqiza nokukhiqiza i-copper foil iyinsimu yezobuchwepheshe egcwele izinselele namathuba. Nakuba senze intuthuko enkulu, kusenomsebenzi omningi okusamele wenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-copper foil ingahlangabezana nezidingo zethu zansuku zonke ngenkathi ivikela imvelo yethu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-08-2023